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| 1919 |
| | | Afghanistan finally achieves international recognition as an independent nation | |
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| 1965 |
| | | Zahir Shah allows the first elections in his kingdom of Afghanistan | |
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| 1973 |
| | | A military coup deposes Zahir Shah and brings to an end the hereditary monarchy in Afghanistan | |
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| 1979 |
| | | Communist measures in Afghanistan provoke a Muslim jihad and the murder of more than 100 Russians in Herat | |
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| 1979 |
| | | Soviet troops invade Afghanistan to suppress anti-communist anarchy | |
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| 1982 |
| | | The Saudi fundamentalist Osama bin Laden joins the mujaheddin in their fight against the Soviet occupiers of Afghanistan | |
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| 1985 |
| | | Seven groups of Afghan mujaheddin form a united front against the Soviet army | |
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| 1988 |
| | | The Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev announces that Soviet troops will leave Afghanistan, handing victory to the mujaheddin | |
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| c. 1988 |
| | | Osama bin Laden's involvement in the fight against Soviet forces in Afghanistan leads to his development of al-Qaeda | |
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| 1989 |
| | | The USSR completes the phased withdrawal of its troops from Aghanistan | |
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